Household waste contains hazardous and harmful substances, especially when it accumulates in uncontrolled landfills, making the problem even worse. When burned, these materials release various toxic gases and chemicals that damage the environment, such as greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming or those that deplete the ozone layer.
Beyond gases, certain liquids, such as leachate (commonly known as "garbage juice"), contaminate soil and water. This liquid can pollute groundwater, and with rain, it may spread contamination to other areas, affecting the living organisms in those environments.
From a health perspective, pollution caused by household waste poses serious risks. It can lead to severe illnesses such as cancer, skin diseases, respiratory disorders, cardiovascular problems, hormonal imbalances, and eye conditions.
The economy also suffers from poor waste management. Waste treatment, recycling, and disposal require significant financial resources. Additionally, addressing pollution and its health consequences comes with high costs. Landfills take up valuable land that could be used for more productive economic activities. Moreover, widespread pollution reduces the attractiveness of certain areas, negatively impacting the country's economy and overall development.