The transmission of hereditary traits in humans follows the same principles as in other living organisms. However, the study of human genetics comes with several challenges. For instance, it is impossible to conduct experimental crossbreeding in humans, lifespan is long, and the time gap between generations is significant, making it difficult to track individuals. Additionally, the large number of chromosomes adds to the complexity of genetic analysis.
To overcome these challenges, various techniques are used in human genetics, including:
- Pedigree , which helps study hereditary diseases and their transmission from one generation to the next.
- Karyotypes, allows for the observation of chromosomes and the detection of potential abnormalities.
- Genes detection, identify and analyze the presence or expression of specific genes in a biological sample.
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Human genetics